30.08.2019

Atomic Language

Atomic Language 3,7/5 6203 votes

In the Effective Java book, it states: The language specification guarantees that reading or writing a variable is atomic unless the variable is of type long or double JLS, 17.4.7. Stack Overflow.


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Related to atomic: atomic clock, atomic energy, Atomic structure, Atomic radius

a·tom·ic

(ə-tŏm′ĭk)adj.
2. Of or employing nuclear energy: an atomic submarine; atomic weapons.
a·tom′i·cal·ly adv.

atomic

(əˈtɒmɪk) adj
1. (Firearms, Gunnery, Ordnance & Artillery) of, using, or characterized by atomic bombs or atomic energy: atomic warfare.
2. (Atomic Physics) of, using, or characterized by atomic bombs or atomic energy: atomic warfare.
3. (Atomic Physics) of, related to, or comprising atoms: atomic hydrogen.

Book

5. (Logic) logic (of a sentence, formula, etc) having no internal structure at the appropriate level of analysis. In predicate calculus, Fa is an atomic sentence and Fx an atomic predicate

a•tom•ic

(əˈtɒm ɪk)
adj.
1. of, pertaining to, resulting from, or using atoms, atomic energy, or atomic bombs: an atomic explosion; atomic structure; atomic theory.
2. existing as free, uncombined atoms: atomic hydrogen.
[1670–80]

a·tom·ic

(ə-tŏm′ĭk)
2. Employing nuclear energy: atomic weapons. See Note at nuclear.
Adj.1.atomic - of or relating to or comprising atoms; 'atomic structure'; 'atomic hydrogen'
2.atomic - (weapons) deriving destructive energy from the release of atomic energy; 'nuclear war'; 'nuclear weapons'; 'atomic bombs'
3.atomic - immeasurably small
little, small - limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent; 'a little dining room'; 'a little house'; 'a small car'; 'a little (or small) group'
atomový
atom-
원자의
atómový
atom-
atomla ilgilinükleer

atomic

[əˈtɒmɪk]
B.CPDatomic ageNera fatómicaornuclear
atomic bombNbombafatómica
atomic clockNrelojmatómico
atomic energyNenergíafatómicaornuclear
Atomic Energy Authority (Brit) Atomic Energy Commission (US) NConsejom de Energía Nuclear
atomic nucleusNnúcleomatómico
atomic numberNnúmeromatómico
atomic particleNpartículafatómica
atomic physicsNSINGfísicafatómica
atomic pileNpilafatómica
atomic powerN (= nation) → potenciafnuclear
atomic power station (o.f.) Ncentralfnuclear
atomic structureNestructurafatómica
atomic theoryNteoríafde losátomos
atomic warfareNguerrafatómica
atomic warheadNcabezafatómica
atomic weightNpesomatómico

atomic

[əˈtɒmɪk]adjatomique
atomic scientists → atomic bomb nbombefatomique

atomic

atomic

in cpdsAtomic LanguageAtom-;
atomic age
atomic bomb
atomic clock
atomic energy
Atomic Energy Authority (Brit), Atomic Energy Commission (US)
atomic mass
atomic number
atomic power
atomic-powered
atomic reactor
atomic structure
atomic warfare
atomic waste
atomic weapon
atomic weight

atomic

[əˈtɒmɪk]adjAtomicatomico/a

atom

(ˈӕtəm) nounAtomic
1. the smallest part of an element. atoom ذَرَّه атом átomo atom das Atom atom άτομοátomo aatom اتم atomi atomeאטום परमाणु atom atom atom atóm, frumeind atomo 原子 원자 atomas atoms atom atoomatomatom اتوم átomo atom атом atóm atom atom atom อะตอม atom 原子 атом کسی عنصر کا سب سے چھوٹا ذرہ nguyên tử 原子
2. anything very small. There's not an atom of truth in what she says. greintjie مِقْدار ضَئيل جِداً частица átomo zrnko das Körnchen gran ίχνος, ψήγμα ápice, pizca, gota kübe ذره؛ خرده hitunen parcelleגרעין रत्ती भर trunka parányi sedikit snefill briciola 微量 극히 작은 것 dalelė druska sedikit pun greintjefnugg, prikkodrobina ذره átomo pic, strop капля zrnko, kúsok kanček zrnce smula, dugg, uns ปริมาณที่น้อยมาก zerre 絲毫 краплина انتہائی چھوٹا vật nhỏ 微粒
aˈtomic (-ˈto-) adjective
atomies ذَرّي атомен atômico atomový Atom-.. atom- ατομικόςatómico aatom(i)- اتمی atomi- atomiqueאטומי, גרעיני परमाण्विक atomski atom- dari atom atóm-, kjarnorku-; örsmár atomico 原子の 원자의 atominis atoma- atom atoom-atom-atomowy اتومی atómico atomic атомный atómový atomski atomski atomisk เกี่ยวกับปรมาณู atomla ilgili 原子的 атомний ایٹمی thuộc nguyên tử 原子的
atom(ic) bomb
a bomb using atomic energy. atoombom قُنْبُلَه ذَرِّيه атомна бомба bomba atômica atomová bomba die Atombombe atombombe ατομική βόμβαbomba atómica aatomipomm بمب اتمی atomipommi bombe atomique פְּצָצָה אָטוֹמִית परमाणु बम atomski atombomba bom atom kjarnorkusprengja bomba atomica 原子爆弾 원자 폭탄 atominė bomba atombumba bom atom atoombomatombombebomba atomowa د اتوم بمب bomba atómica bombă atomică атомная бомба atómová bomba atomska bomba atomska bomba atombomb ระเบิดปรมาณู atom bombası 原子彈 атомна бомба ایٹمی بم bom nguyên tử 原子弹
atomic energy
very great energy obtained by breaking up the atoms of some substances. atoomenergie طاقَة ذَرِّيه атомна енергия energia atômica atomová energie die Atomenergie atomenergi ατομική ενέργεια energía atómica/nuclear aatomienergia انرژی اتمی atomienergia énergie atomique אֶנֶרגיָה גַרעִינִית परमाणु ऊर्जा atomska energija atomenergia tenaga atom kjarnorka energia atomica 原子力 원자 에너지 atominė energija atomenerģija tenaga nuklear atoomenergieatomenergi energia atomowa اتومی انرژی energia atómica energie atomică атомная энергия atómová energia atomska energija atomska energija atomenergi พลังงานอะตอม atom enerjisi 原子能 атомна енергія ایٹمی توانائی năng lượng nguyên tử 原子能
atomic power
power (for making electricity etc) obtained from atomic energy. atoomkrag قُوَّه ذَرِّيه атомна енергия poder atômico atomová energie die Atomkraft kernekraft; atomkraft ατομική ενέργεια energía nuclear aatomienergia اانرژی حاصل از فرآیند اتمی atomivoima énergie nucléaire כּוֹח גַרעִינִי परमाणु ऊर्जा atomska snaga atomenergia tenaga nuklir kjarnorka energia nucleare 原子力 (発電) 원자력 atominė energija atomenerģija kuasa nuklear atoomkracht kjernekraft, atomkraft energia atomowa هغه انرژی چی له اتوم څخه لاسته راغلی وی poder atómico energie ato­mică/nucleară атомная энергия atómová energia nuklearna energija atomska snaga atomkraft พลังงานปรมาณู atom gücü 原子力 атомна електростанція; атомна енергетика ایٹمی قوت năng lượng nguyên tử 原子力,原子动力

atomic

ذَرِّيّ atomový atom-atomarατομικόςatómico ydin-atomique atomskiatomico 原子力の 원자의atomairatom-atomowyatómico, atômicoатомный atom- เกี่ยวกับปรมาณูnükleer thuộc nguyên tử原子的

a·tom·ic


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Active9 months ago

I remember i came across certain types in C language called atomic types,but we have never studied them.

So how do they differ from regular types like int,float,double,long etc.., and what are their uses?

user6274708

2 Answers

Atomic types are those for which reading and writing are guaranteed to happen in a single instruction. More explanation from gnu.org:

24.4.7.2 Atomic Types

To avoid uncertainty about interrupting access to a variable, you can use a particular data type for which access is always atomic: sig_atomic_t. Reading and writing this data type is guaranteed to happen in a single instruction, so there’s no way for a handler to run “in the middle” of an access.

The type sig_atomic_t is always an integer data type, but which one it is, and how many bits it contains, may vary from machine to machine.

Data Type: sig_atomic_t
This is an integer data type. Objects of this type are always accessed atomically.

In practice, you can assume that int is atomic. You can also assume that pointer types are atomic; that is very convenient. Both of these assumptions are true on all of the machines that the GNU C Library supports and on all POSIX systems we know of.

For even more detail and some C11-specific stuff, check out CppReference.com (no affiliation).

Ed CottrellEd Cottrell
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Heres an anwser for IoS machines. @stackoverflow

Ed Cottrells answer was good but if you want to know what the difference between floats and doubles ints and longs. Those types use different byte sizes double floats store raddix data for decimals. And signed stores negative numbers backwards using two's complement so try casting signed to unsigned types. Look up maxsize int long etc.

To really use atomic types you need to know why they were created. The need for read write Assembly low level coded accesses relates to Mutex lock semophores and Multi-Threading on multi-core machines.

The idea was that two processes shouldn't be able to modify the same data at the same time. But I have heard that lock locks happen when two processes try to lock a memory location or file. So in linux theres NMI watchdog that was hacked to scan for these locks. On my single core machine I have to disable this with sudo sysctl kernel.nmi_watchdog=0.

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